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Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1)
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UniProt Number:
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P23141
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Alternate Names:
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Liver carboxylesterase 1, Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase, ACAT, Brain carboxylesterase hBr1, Cocaine carboxylesterase, Egasyn, HMSE, Monocyte/macrophage serine esterase, Retinyl ester hydrolase, REH, Serine esterase 1, Triacylglycerol hydrolase, TGH, CES2, SES1
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Structure and Function:
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Carboxylesterases are involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs and so play a major role as determinants of pharmacokinetic behavior for most therapeutic agents containing an ester. CES1 hydrolyzes aromatic and aliphatic esters, but has no catalytic activity toward amides or a fatty acyl-CoA ester. CES1 hydrolyzes the methyl ester group of cocaine to form benzoylecgonine. CES1 catalyzes the transesterification of cocaine to form cocaethylene. CES1 displays fatty acid ethyl ester synthase activity, catalyzing the ethyl esterification of oleic acid to ethyloleate. Carboxylesterases can also perform transesterification, a reaction important for cholesterol homeostasis.
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Disease Associations:
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Carboxylesterase deficiency may be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma [MIM:605027] or B-cell lymphocytic leukemia.
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Specific Activity Assays
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Related Pathways:
Xenobiotic Metabolism
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