MitoSciences: Products for the Permeability Transition Pore (PTP)

DOWNLOAD 2007 CATALOG

Products for the Permeability Transition Pore (PTP)

Overview

A number of proteins found in mitochondria combine under circumstances favoring apoptosis to form the so-called permeability transition pore.

Proteins variously identified as a part of the PTP include cytosolic hexokinase, outer membrane porin (also called the voltage dependent anion channel or VDAC), adenylate cyclase in the intermembrane space, the adenine nucleotide transporter (ANT) and the peripheral benzodiazipine receptor protein of the inner membrane along with cyclophilin D of the matrix space. A possible structural arrangement of these proteins is shown in the Figure. Hexokinase, porin and ANT all occur as isoforms and it remains to be determined whether there is specificity of these different forms for the PTP.

ANT is a reversible transporter of ATP and ADP. During OXPHOS the protein, probably as a dimer exchanges ATP out for ADP in but when it becomes important to maintain a membrane potential at times when OXPHOS is not working, ANT can work in reverse. Mutant ANT has been identified in cardiomyopathy, and autoimmune reactions to this protein also cause heart related diseases. Cyclophilin D is the binding site for cyclosporins and this protein may gate the PTP.

Research Kits

MSA01 MitoProfile^® ANT Immunocapture Kit
250 µg monoclonal antibody irreversibly crosslinked to protein G-agarose beads which can immunocapture ANT from heart mitochondria.

MSA07 MitoProfile^® Apoptosis Detection Kit for Immunocytochemistry
MSA07 detects apoptotic cells with high specificity. It contains an anti-cytochrome c monoclonal antibody (50 µg) and the appropriate isotype-specific secondary antibody (50 µg) which has a fluorescein fluorophore conjugated to it. The kit also contains an anti-Complex Vα monoclonal antibody (50 µg) and the appropriate Texas Red fluorophore-conjugated isotype-specific secondary antibody (50 µg). Complex V serves as a mitochondrial marker in healthy and apoptotic cells.

MSA11 MitoProfile^® Cytochrome c Apoptosis Kit
Contains 180 µg of premixed cocktail of 4 monoclonal antibodies and necessary buffers and detergent allowing for a rapid method to measure the fraction of cytochrome c released from mitochondria into the cytosol during apoptosis. Human heart mitochondria are included as a Western blotting control.

MSA12 MitoProfile^® Apoptosis Detection Kit for Western blotting
Contains 180 µg of premixed cocktail of 4 monoclonal antibodies that allows detection of cytochrome c in the cytoplasmic and mitochondria-containing fractions by Western Blot analysis to determine the proportion of released cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytoplasm. Human heart mitochondria are also included as a Western blotting control.

MSA31 MitoProfile^® Dipstick Assay Kit for Apoptosis-Inducing Factor (AIF) Quantity
This kit contains 30 or 60 dipsticks and necessary components to quantify the amount of Apoptosis-Inducing Factor (AIF) from human sample material.

Individual Antibodies

MSA01c ANT Immunocapture monoclonal antibody
100 µg monoclonal antibody which can immunocapture ANT from heart mitochondria.

MSA02 ANT monoclonal antibody
100 µg of monoclonal antibody reactive against the 32 kDa adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT). MSA02 also labels ANT in immunocytochemical applications.

MSA03 Porin monoclonal antibody
100 µg of monoclonal antibody reactive against the 39 kDa human porin (VDAC) for Western blotting applications.

MSA04 Cyclophilin D monoclonal antibody
100 µg of monoclonal antibody reactive against the human Mitochondrial Cyclophilin 'D' also known as "PPIF" (Uniprot/Swiss-Prot entry = P30405). This antibody targets the processed form of Mitochondrial Cyclophilin D (17-18KDa) which does not contain the mitochondrial targeting sequence, a 29 amino-acid leader sequence necessary for import of the protein into this organelle. MSA04 also labels Mitochondrial Cyclophilin D in immunocytochemical applications.

MSA05 Porin monoclonal antibody
100 µg of monoclonal antibody reactive against the 39 kDa human porin (VDAC) for immunocytochemistry.

MSA06 Cytochrome c monoclonal antibody
100 µg of monoclonal antibody against the 12 kDa Cytochrome c, suitable for use in Western Blotting and Immunocytochemistry.

MSA08 Porin monoclonal antibody for yeast
100 µg of monoclonal antibody reactive against Porin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for use in Western blotting applications.

MSA09 AIF (Apoptosis-Inducing Factor) monoclonal antibody
100 µg of monoclonal antibody reactive against the 67 kDa AIF, suitable for use in for Western blotting and immunocytochemistry applications.

MS103 Complex I subunit GRIM-19 monoclonal antibody
100 µg of monoclonal antibody reactive against the 19 kDa Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) subunit GRIM-19. MS103 also labels GRIM-19 in immunocytochemical applications. Interestingly GRIM-19 is also present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Its expression is necessary for interferonβ/retinoic acid induced tumor mortality.