Mitochondria are at the center of apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death. Intra-cellular and extra-cellular signals alter the association of a set of cytosolic pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins with the organelle. These include the bax and bcl-2 families of proteins.

Alterations in the ratio of bax and bcl-2 like proteins regulate the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane and can result in the release of several proteins from the inter-membrane space, including cytochrome c, SMAC-Diablo and AIF (apoptosis-inducing factor). Cytochrome c then reacts with a cytosolic protein APAF to induce an irreversible cascade of events involving caspases that lead to the orderly degradation of proteins and DNA.

A key contributor to the altered permeability of the organelle in apoptosis is the so-called permeability transition pore (PTP). This complex remains to be fully characterized but is thought to include hexokinase, porin and the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor of the outer membrane, adenylate kinase of the intermembrane space, ANT (the adenine nucleotide transporter) of the inner membrane and cyclophilin D from the matrix space. MitoSciences has mAbs to several of the PTP proteins.

Cat. No.	Name	Reactivity	Apps.	Amount	Price
MSA09	AIF antibody	human	WB, ICC, ICE, IP	100 µg	$325.00
MS105	Complex I subunit NDUFB8	human, mouse, rat, bovine	WB, BNPAGE	100 µg	$325.00
MS110	Complex I subunit NDUFS3	human, mouse, rat, bovine, zebrafish	WB, ICC, IHC	100 µg	$325.00
MS112	Complex I subunit NDUFS3	human, mouse, rat, bovine, zebrafish, Drosophila, C. elegans	WB	100 µg	$325.00
MSA06	Cytochrome c antibody	human, bovine, rat, mouse, C. elegans	WB, ICC, ICE	100 µg	$325.00
MS777	PARP-1 antibody	human	WB, ICC, ICE	100 µg	$325.00
MS715	SMAC antibody	human	ICC	100 µg	$325.00
MS719	SMAC antibody	human	WB	100 µg	$325.00

Cat. No.	Name	Reactivity	Amount	Price
MSA12	Cytochrome c Apoptosis Antibody Cocktail	human	180 µg	$425.00
MSA07	Cytochrome c Apoptosis ICC Antibody Kit	human, bovine, rat, mouse, C. elegans	200 µg	$425.00

Cat. No.	Name	Price
MS861	Cell Fractionation Kit - Standard	$195.00

Cat. No.	Name	Reactivity	Amount	Price
MSFX-18	AIF FlexPlex™ Module	human	4 strips (32 tests)	$125.00
MSFX-1	Complex I FlexPlex™ Module	human, bovine	4 strips (32 tests)	$125.00
MSFX-16	Cytochrome c FlexPlex™ Module	human, bovine	4 strips (32 tests)	$125.00
MSA41	Cytochrome c Protein Quantity Microplate Assay Kit	human, bovine, mouse, rat	96 tests	$425.00

Cat. No.	Name	Reactivity	Amount	Price
MSA43	PARP-1 (cleaved) In-Cell ELISA Kit	human	2 x 96 tests	$425.00