Products for Oxidative Stress Research
- Research Kits
Overview
Mitochondria are a primary site of production of free radicals. While more than 98% of the molecular oxygen taken up by cells is fully utilized by cytochrome c oxidase to form water, this enzyme can release partly reduced species. Other enzymes of the respiratory chain, and in particular complexes I and III, also produce partly reduced oxygen species including superoxide.
These reactive oxygen species can react with nitric oxide to produce reactive nitrogen species including peroxynitrite. While a significant proportion of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species diffuse into the cytosol, a major portion remains in the mitochondrion. The levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced is a function of the activity and more specifically the dysfunction of the OXPHOS chain. The less efficient electron transfer is, the more radicals are produced. Free radical damage of cytosolic proteins increases with increased levels of radical production. Moreover, oxidative and nitrative damage of mitochondrial proteins adds to OXPHOS dysfunction further exacerbating free radical production.
Enhanced oxidative stress is now well documented to occur in a number of degenerative diseases including Parkinsons disease, Alzheimers and diabetes. MitoSciences has a set of mAbs that can immunocapture all 5 OXPHOS complexes for subsequent analysis of accrued oxidative and nitrative damage, either with antibodies to the modified amino acid or by mass spectrometric analysis.
Research Kits
MS101 MitoProfile® Complex I Immunocapture Kit
250 µg, 500 µg or 750 µg monoclonal antibody irreversibly crosslinked to protein G-agarose beads which can immunocapture ~60 µg, ~120 µg or ~180 µg respectively of Complex I (NADH dehdydrogenase) from heart mitochondria.
MS201 MitoProfile® Complex II Immunocapture Kit
250 µg, 500 µg or 750 µg monoclonal antibodies irreversibly crosslinked to protein G-agarose beads which can immunocapture ~13 µg, ~26 µg or ~39 µg respectively of Complex II from heart mitochondria.
MS301 MitoProfile® Complex III Immunocapture Kit
250 µg, 500 µg or 750 µg monoclonal antibodies irreversibly crosslinked to protein G-agarose beads which can immunocapture ~25 µg, ~50 µg or ~75& micro;g respectively of Complex III from heart mitochondria.
MS401 MitoProfile® Complex IV Immunocapture Kit
250 µg, 500 µg or 750 µg monoclonal antibodies irreversibly crosslinked to protein G-agarose beads which can immunocapture ~25 µg, ~50 µg or ~75 µg respectively of Complex IV from heart mitochondria.
MS501 MitoProfile® ATP synthase (Complex V) Immunocapture Kit
250 µg, 500 µg or 750 µg of monoclonal antibodies irreversibly crosslinked to protein G-agarose beads which can immunocapture ~25 µg, ~50 µg or ~75 µg respectively of ATP synthase (Complex V) from heart mitochondria.
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MS101 MitoProfile® Complex I Immunocapture Kit
This kit allows for isolation of Complex I from small amounts of tissue. This facilitates subsequent analysis of post-translational modifications (including oxidative damage) by proteomic approaches or antibody detection of these modifications.
Uses for this kit include but are not limited to examining alterations of Complex I subunits in inherited mitochondrial diseases, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ALS, schizophrenia, and aging.
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